• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention provides a cargo vessel comprising a plurality of tanks separated by bulkheads. A rigid partition, which extends across each of the tanks, is displaceable between raised and towered positions. A deformable membrane extends between the periphery of each partition and the walls of the respective tank to separate a space above the partition from a space below the partition in a liquid-tight manner. The space above the partition acts as a cargo space when the partition is in the lowered position and the space below the partition acts as a ballast space when the partition is in the raised position. A common space is therefore used for carrying ballast and cargo at different times without there being a risk of intermingling of cargo and ballast. In accordance with the invention, each of the cargo tanks is surrounded by a plurality of smaller, ballast tanks forming the walls thereof to which the membrane is attached. The ballast tanks may be used to strengthen the bulkheads, provide smooth walls for the main tanks and allow the ballasting of the ship to be conveniently adjusted.
    公开号:SU1169525A3
    申请号:SU813254245
    申请日:1981-03-10
    公开日:1985-07-23
    发明作者:Дж.Стрейн Патрик
    申请人:Патрик Дж Стрейн (СА)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2. Pop-1 system, characterized in that the upper walls of the ballast tanks are located along the adjacent lateral edges of the movable bulkhead and are aligned with the latter’s peripheral edges. . 3. The system of claim 1, wherein said other edges of the sealing reinforced elastomer membrane are located at a distance from the upper walls of the peripheral ballast tanks at a distance equal to half the working stroke of the movable bulkhead. 5 4. The non.li system is different in that each cargo tank is divided into a grid of hollow pipes. My group of separate sections, the side and longitudinal adjacent walls of which are facing one another and located on both sides of the longitudinal and transverse vertical planes of symmetry of the cargo tank, are formed by the walls of peripheral transverse and longitudinal tanks combined with one another, and the dividing bulkheads are embedded in the corresponding cargo tank sections.
    one
    The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to the ballast-cargo systems of vessels for the transport of cargoes, mainly tankers.
    The known ballast-cargo system of a ship for the transport of liquid cargo, mainly a tanker, containing ballast tanks, arranged in a horizontal plane dividing bulkheads installed with the possibility of vertical movement in cargo tanks with transverse and longitudinal bulkheads by means of a guide assembly having a horizontal support beam, at the same time, the separating bulkheads are attached to one edge of the sealing elastomeric membranes, forming a shell with them separating the cargo tanks into separate cargo and ballast cavities, and the other edges of the elastomeric membranes are tightly connected by means of fixing knobs to the side walls of the cargo tanks LI J.
    The disadvantages of the known ballast-cargo system of the vessel are the high intensity of metal and the useful cargo volume.
    The purpose of the invention is to reduce the metal content and increase the net cargo volume of the ballast-cargo system of the vessel.
    The goal is achieved by the fact that in the ballast-cargo system of a ship for the transport of liquid cargo, mainly a tanker containing
    ballast tanks placed in a horizontal plane dividing bulkheads installed with the possibility of vertical movement in cargo tanks with transverse and longitudinal bulkheads by means of a guide assembly having a horizontal support beam, while dividing bulkheads are attached to one edge of the sealing elastomer membranes and form shells with them separating the cargo tanks into separate cargo and ballast cavities, and the other edges of the elastomeric membranes are tightly interconnected By means of fasteners with side walls of cargo tanks, ballast tanks are located vertically around the periphery of movable partitions and attached to the side walls of transverse and longitudinal bulkheads of each cargo tank, forming with them a lattice hollow frame with separate sections, and each fastening assembly; other edges of the elastomeric sealing membranes, which are filled with arched ones, have horizontal recesses, which are made on the lateral inner walls of the adjacent ballast
    31
    cisterns along their periphery and forming a closed contour, with the above-mentioned other edges of the elastomeric reinforced membrane inserted into the recesses of the walls of the ballast tanks and attached to the latter, and the horizontal support beam of the guide assembly for the separating movable bulkhead is connected with the upper walls of the peripheral ballast cisterns covering every cargo tank.
    In this case, the upper walls of the ballast tanks are located along the adjacent lateral edges of the movable bulkhead and are mated with the peripheral edges of the latter.
    In addition, the other edges of the sealing reinforced elastomeric membrane are located at a height equal to half the working stroke of the movable separating bulkhead from the upper walls of the peripheral ballast tanks.
    Each cargo tank is divided by a lattice hollow frame into a group of separate sections, the side and longitudinal adjacent walls of which face one another and are located on both sides of the longitudinal and transverse vertical planes of symmetry of the cargo tank, are formed by walls of peripheral transverse and longitudinal tanks combined with one another, and separation bulkheads are built into the appropriate sections of the cargo tank.
    FIG. 1 shows schematically a tanker equipped with a ballast-cargo system, longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - tanker, cross section in its middle part; in FIG. 3, an elastna cargo tanker system, (which has three longitudinal bulkheads, 1ID in plan; Fig. 4 - cargo-loaded. 1 tank, cross section on the starboard side; Fig. 5 - cargo tank, cross-section on the left side; on Fig. 6 - cargo tank with a variant of the ballast cargo system, view in plan.
    The ballast-cargo system of the ship for the transport of liquid cargo of the tanker 1 contains ballast tanks 2, placed in a horizontal plane, separation bulkheads 3, installed with the possibility of vertical movement in cargo tanks 4
    695254
    with transverse 5 and 6 longitudinal bulkheads by means of a guide assembly having a horizontal support beam 7. Separating bulkheads 5 are attached, for example, by means of clamps and bolts 8 to one edge of the sealing elastomer reinforced membranes 9, to form a shell with them separating the cargo tanks 4 into separate cargo S and ballast tanks in the cavity, and the other edges are about. the elastomeric reinforced membranes 9 are tightly connected by means of fastening assemblies, which also have tS bolts 8 with the side walls of the cargo tanks. Separating bulkheads 3 are designed to separate the oil cargo from ballast water.
    The ballast tanks 2 are located vertically. On the periphery of the movable dividing bulkheads 3 and attached to the side walls of the transverse and longitudinal bulkheads 5 and 6 of each cargo tank, forming
    25 is a lattice hollow frame with separate sections E, and each fastening assembly of the other edges of the elastomeric sealing membranes 9, reinforced with reinforced ones, has horizontal 3 octal grooves e made on lateral internal erasures of 10 adjacent ballast tanks 2 along their periphery and form a closed contour.
    The edges 1 of the elastomeric reinforced membrane 9 are inserted into the grooves of the walls of 10 ballast tanks and attached to the latter, and the horizontal support beam 7 of the guide node for the separating movable bulkhead is aligned with the upper walls of 11 peripheral ballast tanks 2 covering each cargo tank 4 ,
    5 The upper walls of 11 ballast tanks are located along the adjacent lateral edges of the movable bulkhead 3 and are mated with the peripheral edges and the latter.
    Q Edges of the sealing reinforced elastomer membrane 9 are spread out from the upper walls 11 of the peripheral ballast tanks 2 at a distance equal to half the working stroke of the movable bulkhead 3.
    Each cargo tank 4 (Fig. 6) is divided by a lattice hollow frame into a group of separate sections E (four sections in each tank), the side and longitudinal adjacent walls of which are facing one another and located on both sides of the longitudinal and transverse vertical planes of symmetry cargo tank, formed by CTQHKatw. 10 combined with each other peripheral transverse and longitudinal tanks, and separation bulkheads 3 are built into the appropriate sections d of the cargo tank. Ballast tanks 2 provide transverse bulkheads 5 additional reinforcement. By means of openings in the bulkheads 5 and 6, the peripheral ballast tanks 2 can communicate with each other and, if necessary, can remain separated. A guide cylinder 12 of the guide assembly or other guide means is connected to each of the movable bulkheads 3 There is a guide bearing 13 and a horizontal beam. 7 podishchnik, which provide) from moving the movable bulkhead 3 only in the vertical direction. The movement of the movable bulkhead 3 is limited by the space between the beam 7 of the bulkhead 3 and the lady 14 of the double bottom 15 or the internal construction of the tanker. The bottom 16 of the vessel may need to be reinforced to compensate for the metalwork removed to create the space required to accommodate the membranes with membranes 9. The main deck (bottom) of 16 ships, cofferdams 17, forepeak 18, engine room 19, bridge 20 and the dwelling are ordinary Separating: the bulkhead 3, together with the -membrane 9, its anchorages and the periphery of the HbnsM ballast tanks 2, forms an impermeable barrier for the oil and for water and, thus, separates the cargo tank in which it is mounted, into four separate spaces (compartment ), each of which performs its own function, namely: the peripheral ballast compartment cistern 2, which provides for a separate ballast; the compartment (cavity 6), intended for the DNF of the oil cargo and located at the uppermost position of the movable bulkhead 3; compartment 21, intended for a separate ballast, or double bottom space, located above the casing of the bottom 16 of the vessel and below the lowest position of the movable bulkhead 3; compartment (cavity in), located on the ground with peripheral ballast tanks 13, the height of which extends from the upper edge of the frame 14 of the bottom, i.e. from the lower position of the movable bulkhead 3, to the upper edge of the upper walls of 11 peripheral ballast tires 2, i.e. Vo to the upper position of the movable bulkhead 3 (depending on the tanker load at any given time, in the cavity 8 there can be oil cargo or pure ballast water that depends on the position of the bulkhead 3), the Large movable bulkhead is mounted in the central cargo tank 4 (Fig. 2). Podvgokoknye bulkheads of its size are installed in the cargo tank 22 of the left side and in the cargo tank 23 of the right side. Peripheral ballasting, e-tanks 2 are located along the left side of tanker 24, left longitudinal bulkhead b, right longitudinal bulkhead 6 and starboard 25 of tanker, Bulkhead 3 installed in the left cargo tank 22, is shown in the raised, i.e. the ballistic position, and the bulkheads of the central 4 and right 23 heavy tanks are shown in the lowered position, i.e. loaded position On the central movable bulkhead 3 an additional guide cylinder 12 is mounted, providing a more reliable direction due to the large dimensions and weight of the movable bulkhead in this tank. Optionally, the longitudinal and transverse ballast tanks 2 may have communication with each other and with a double bottom space 15, including a cavity, in, when. the tanker is filled with ballast. In order to further divide the cargo compartment spaces and provide additional body strength, an additional longitudinal central bulkhead 26 is mounted (Fig. 3).
    7
    Peripheral baplastic tanks 2 together with cofferdams 17 and other tanks, such as small ballast tanks or fuel tanks, can be embedded in the hull of the vessel, form a grid of compartments or cells arranged to facilitate the installation and operation of the oil-ballast bulkheads, providing smooth, flat supporting surfaces for reinforced; elastomeric membranes 13,
    FIG. 4 shows the various structural elements of the movable bulkheads and peripheral ballast tanks 2, as well as two different ways of installing fixed edges, 1 membrane 9 on the sides of the peripheral ballast tanks 2.
    The fixed edge -L of the membrane 9 is fixed on the peripheral ballast tank 2 of the ship’s right side by welding to the flat inner lining of the sidewall at a level corresponding to half the moving path of the movable bulkhead 3. The side wall 11 of the side tank is increased by an amount greater than the edge width 7- in the direction to the movable bulkhead 3, and forms the overlap of the side wall 10 of the tank to ensure that the movable bulkhead 3 coincides when it is in the top (ballast) position with the tank top 11, which prevents water from striking the walls of the tank with possible damage to the membrane, and also facilitates the mounting of the movable bulkhead 3
    On the peripheral ballast tank 2 located at the right longitudinal bulkhead 6, a recess e is made in the inner side wall 10 facing the movable bulkhead 3 and the fixed edge g of the membrane is mounted in this recess e. This makes it possible to position the movable bulkhead 3 closer to the side wall 10 peripheral ballast tank 2 with little or no overlap of the upper wall 11 or with a small overlap, which gives the same advantages as the first method of mounting the edge g of the membrane described above. For light movable bulkheads 3, guiding and safety means can be dispensed with (as shown
    5258
    in fig. 4), however, in the presence of a more mobile movable bulkhead 3, guides and safety equipment are necessary,
    FIG. 5 shows other ways of making and installing peripheral ballast tanks 2. Here is the lower part of a large cargo tank divided into small sections.
    3 for the convenience of installing movable bulkheads 3, their operation and maintenance.
    Internal peripheral ballast tank 2 built into sidewall
    left longitudinal bulkhead 6. The central peripheral ballast tank 2 is attached to the frame of the bottom of the vessel, rests on it and has its own bottom 27 instead of the hull plating 16.
    The same bottom has a peripheral ballast tank built on the left side 24. To separate the space with a double bottom 15, to support the peripheral ballast tank 2 and give additional strength to the hull of the vessel, the connection is 28,
    The edge 2 of the membrane is fixed directly to the longitudinal bulkhead 6. The left-side frames are made of both the gnome. The drawing does not show movable bulkheads, except for fixed edges of the 7 membranes, and transverse peripheral ballast tanks.
    Fig. 6 shows the lower part of a large cargo tank divided into four sections E for four movable bulkheads (or cells) with peripheral ballast tanks 2,
    The system of peripheral ballast tanks is represented as one. A continuous ballast tank, however, in practice this tank can be divided as necessary, based on
    stability requirements of the vessel and its work. In addition, by appropriately designing a system of peripheral ballast tanks, more than
    four, or fewer sections 8. The ballast cargo system of the vessel is operated as follows.
    If the movable bulkhead 3 is in a narrow position, in the cavity
    The cargo tank contains oil cargo, if the bulkhead 3 is in the upper position, the ballast water is contained in the cavity in the tank, and the oil and ballast water and their residues or vapors are not mixed. It should be noted that the cargo cargo transported in the cavity b above bulkheads 3 will be additional to that which can be transported in a conventional tanker with all-ballistic tanks of equal size. If the bulkheads 3 are in the bottom position, the peripheral ballast tanks 2 are also filled with ballast water. If a tanker is loaded and brute force is lowered, these cis terns are empty. Those peripheral ballast tanks 2, which are located along the tanker, have sufficient width. They also form protective ballast compartments for the cargo tanks adjacent to them. The double-bottom space 15 (Fig. 4), if it has sufficient height, can also perform this function for adjacent cargoes from tanks. The grid system of peripheral ballast tanks creates the reinforced strength of the hull of the tanker in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The presence of ballast tanks located in the lower part of the tanker and equipped with the proposed improvements can also improve the seaworthiness and stability of the vessel due to the reduction of excessive 22
    2tf
    eleven
    /
    .9 -I -in stability in the loaded state. A tanker equipped with the proposed device can carry significantly more cargo than a standard tanker with pure-ballast tanks of the same size. Approximately half the size of the membrane material is required, and as a result, the manufacture, maintenance, installation and operation of membranes are facilitated, and their cost is reduced. A significantly smaller amount of membrane material required in this case leads to the creation of a simpler system suitable for use on a vessel. The straight side walls of the peripheral ballast tanks provide ideal support for movable bulkheads. Peripheral ballast tanks can be equipped with built-in reinforcements that compensate for internal metalwork removed to provide space for the installation of tanks that divide the lower parts of large cargo tanks into four sections or cells, in each of which a movable bulkhead can be installed. A tanker with all-ballast tanks equipped with a proposed ballast-cargo system will be able to use a significant portion of the ballast space to transport additional liquid cargo.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. A BALLAST CARGO SYSTEM FOR LIQUID CARGO TRANSPORTATION, mainly a tanker, containing ballast tanks, horizontal bulkheads installed in the horizontal plane, mounted with the possibility of vertical movement in cargo tanks with transverse and longitudinal bulkheads, with a guide unit having a horizontal support beam, separation bulkheads are attached to one edge of the sealing elastomeric membranes and form shells with them, separating the cargo tanks separately s baltichno freight and by fastening assemblies with the side walls of cargo tanks; characterized in that, in order to reduce the metal consumption and increase the useful cargo volume, the ballast tanks are located vertically around the periphery of the movable separation bulkheads and are attached to the side walls of the transverse and longitudinal bulkheads of each cargo tank, forming a lattice hollow frame with separate sections, and each fixing the node of the other edges of the elastomeric sealing membranes, made reinforced, has horizontal recesses made on the side inner walls of the ballast tanks along their peripherals and forming a closed loop, while the other edges of the elastomeric reinforced membrane are brought into the recesses of the ballast tanks and attached to the latter, and the horizontal support beam of the guide assembly for the movable separation bulkhead is connected at its ends with the upper walls of the peripheral ballast cavities, and other edges of the elastomeric membranes are connected by hermens tanks covering each cargo tank.
    SU W) 1169525
    1 169525
    [2]
    2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper walls of the ballast tanks are located along adjacent lateral edges of the movable bulkhead and are made mating with the peripheral edges of the latter. .
    [3]
    3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the said other edges of the sealing reinforced elastomeric membrane are located in height from the upper walls of the peripheral ballast tanks at a distance equal to half the working stroke of the movable separation bulkhead.
    [4]
    4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that each cargo tank is divided by a lattice hollow. mine to a group of separate sections, the side and longitudinal adjacent walls of which, facing one another and located on both sides of the longitudinal and transverse vertical planes of symmetry of the cargo tank, are formed by the walls of the peripheral transverse and longitudinal tanks combined with each other, and the separation bulkheads are built into the corresponding sections of the cargo tank.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NO155571B|1987-01-12|
    NO810806L|1981-09-14|
    ES8206327A1|1982-09-01|
    RO80104A|1982-10-26|
    NO155571C|1987-04-22|
    EP0035786A3|1981-11-25|
    US4478165A|1984-10-23|
    CA1120336A|1982-03-23|
    DE3164058D1|1984-07-19|
    KR830005007A|1983-07-23|
    EP0035786A2|1981-09-16|
    JPH0255274B2|1990-11-26|
    JPS56142778A|1981-11-07|
    EP0035786B1|1984-06-13|
    ES499785A0|1982-09-01|
    KR840001547B1|1984-10-05|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CA000347444A|CA1120336A|1980-03-11|1980-03-11|Oil tanker segregated ballastperipheral tank grid|
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